Friday, November 11, 2011

Eco Cars

Canadians will soon be able to buy all-electric vehicles.  I decided to compare one to the hybrid and an inexpensive car with good fuel economy.  I'll calculate the cost of 20,000km of highway driving with gasoline costing $1.25/L.  Vehicle prices are SRP.

The Mitsubishi i-MIEV will sell for $33K, at a claimed 1c/km for electricity.  Total driving cost: $200.

The Prius is $28K and has a fuel economy of 4.0L/100km.  Total driving cost: $1000.

The Kia Rio 5 is $14K and has a fuel economy of 4.9L/100km.  Total driving cost: $1225.

Dividing the cost of the vehicle over 10 years (excluding financing & maintenance costs) puts the Rio5 on top:
Prius:  $3800/yr
i-MIEV: $3500/yr
Rio5: $2660/yr

I often drive a motorcycle in good weather, so for fun I calculated the annual cost for a Honda Shadow 750: $1975.  A smaller CBR125R: $1050.

Sunday, April 24, 2011

Saving with timers

Many states and provinces now meter electricity based on time of day, with weekend and night rates near half of the daytime rates.  Besides timers for hot tubs, many other high-use appliances can be timed to run when electricity rates are lower.

Dishwashers with electronic controls typically have timers, and especially if you use added heat or heated dry the timer is worth using.  Some washers and dryers also have timers, and although most people know an electric dryer uses a lot of power, washers also use a significant amount. Using a clamp-on ammeter, I measured the power of a 240V electric dryer on medium heat setting to be 5600W.  Using Nova Scotia's power rates, running the dryer for an hour would cost 73c, but only 39c during off-peak rates.  The washer uses 750W, so using the washer for an hour during off-peak rates would save about 5c.

Hot water heating is the second largest household energy user in Canada after space heating.  When I first switched to TOD rates I installed an Intermatic EH40 timer on the hot water heater.  One year later it failed.  For a replacement I installed an Aube TI040.  I paid less than $100 at Harris & Roome, which is less than I paid for the EH40.  It also has a 3-year warranty vs. 1-year on the Intermatic.  When installing a water heater timer, it's a good time to check your water heater element; many 40-gallon hot water heaters come with two 3000W elements installed, but can accept up to 4500W elements.  A 4500W element will heat 50% more water in a given amount of time than will a 3000W element.

Cost savings will depend on household hot water use.  A 2008 study by NRCAN, "Hot Water Use Field Test Results" indicates a four-person household uses about 190L of 50C hot water per day.  Assuming a cold water supply temperature of 10C, heating 190L of water uses 8.8kWh of electricity.  At normal rates that is $1.15 vs. 62c at off-peak rates.  With savings of 53c/day, the timer will pay for itself in less than 7 months.